A shim is a thin and often tapered or wedged piece of material, used to fill
small gaps or spaces between objects. Shims are typically used in order to
support, adjust for better fit, or provide a level surface. Shims may also be
used as spacers to fill gaps between parts subject to wear.
Many materials make suitable shim stock (also often styled shimstock), or base
material, depending on the context: wood, stone, plastic, metal, or even paper
(e.g., when used under a table leg to level the table surface). High quality
shim stock can be bought commercially, for example as laminated shims, but shims
are often created ad hoc from whatever material is immediately available.
Laminated shim stock is stacked foil that can be peeled off one layer at a time
to adjust the thickness of the shim.
Applications of Shims
In automobiles, shims are commonly used to adjust the clearance
or space between two parts.
On machinery installations (pumps, motors, etc.) the recommended
practice requires shims under every equipment support foot.
In carpentry, small pieces of wood may be used to align gaps
between larger timbers.
In masonry, small stones may be used to align or fill gaps
between larger bricks or slabs.
In luthiery, a thin strip of various materials can be used
beneath the nut or the saddle of a stringed
instrument to
raise the height of either.
On printed circuit boards, special CPU shims are used to protect
the central processing unit when installing a heat sink.